| Abstract Detail
Systematics Section/ASPT Givnish, Thomas [1], Barfuss, Michael [2], Van Ee, Benjamin [3], Riina, Ricarda [4], Schulte, Katharina [5], Horres, Ralf [6], Gonsiska, Philip [7], Jabaily, Rachel [8], Crayn, Darren [9], Smith, J. Andrew C. [10], Winter, Klaus [11], Brown, Gregory [12], Evans, Timothy [13], Holst, Bruce [14], Luther, Harry [15], Till, Walter [16], Zizka, Georg [17], Berry, Paul [18], Sytsma, Kenneth [1]. Adaptive radiation, correlated evolution, and determinants of net diversification rates in Bromeliaceae: test of an a priori model. We present an integrative model predicting associations among epiphytism, the tank habit, entangling seeds, C3 vs. CAM photosynthesis, avian pollinators, life in fertile, moist montane habitats, and species richness and net rates of species diversification in the monocot family Bromeliaceae. We test the predictions of this model by overlaying individual character-states on a molecular phylogeny, relating evolutionary shifts to time and reconstructed shifts in geographic distribution; by quantifying patterns of correlated and contingent evolution among pairs of traits; and by analyzing the apparent impact of individual traits on diversification within subfamilies. All patterns of correlated evolution among pairs of traits and environmental conditions predicted by our model were significant. The pattern and timing of shifts in phenotype and expansion of distributions outside the Guayana Shield also generally accorded with the model's predictions. Patterns of contingent evolution were largely consistent with the model. Species richness and net rates of species diversification were most closely tied to life in fertile, moist, geographicÂally extensive cordilleras, with weaker ties to epiphytism, avian pollination, and the tank habit. The highest rates of diversiÂfication were seen in the core tillandsioids, associated with the Andes, and especially the tank-epiphyte clade of bromelioids, associated with the Serra do Mar and nearby ranges. Six adaptive radiations and associated speciation - including one clade of CAM epiphytes, one of predominantly C3 epiphytes, three of CAM terrestrials in arid habitats (in Central America, high elevations in the Andes and low elevations in the Brazilian Shield), and one of C3 terrestrials in rain- and cloud-forest understories - account for > 80% of total species number in the family. This integrative study is among the first to test a priori hypotheses about the relationships among phylogeny, phenotypic evolution, geographic spread, and net species diversification. Broader Impacts:
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1 - University Of Wisconsin, Department Of Botany, Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
2 - University Of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, N/A, 1030, Austria
3 - Black Hills State University, Biology, Spearfish, SD, 57799, USA
4 - Real Jardín Botánico, Plaza de Murillo 2, Madrid, 28014, Spain
5 - James Cook University, Botany, Cairns, QLD, 4870, AUSTRALIA
6 - GenXPro, Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY
7 - University Of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
8 - Rhodes College, Biological Sciences, Memphis, TN, USA
9 - James Cook University, Cairns Campus, Australian Tropical Herbarium, Sir Robert Norman (E2) Building, PO BOX 6811, Cairns, QLD, N/A, 4870, Australia
10 - Oxford University, Botany, Oxford, UK
11 - Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution, Balboa, PANAMA
12 - UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING, Department Of Botany, BOX 3165, LARAMIE, WY, 82071-3165, USA
13 - Grand Valley State University, Biology, Allendale, MI, USA
14 - Selby Botanical Garden, Research, Sarasota, FL, USA
15 - Gardens by the Bay, Singapore, SINGAPORE
16 - University of Vienna, Botany, Vienna, AUSTRIA
17 - J. W. Goethe University, Botany and Molecular Evolution, Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY
18 - University Of Michigan, Department Of Ecology And Evolutionary Biology, 830 N UNIVERSITY ROOM 2035, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
Keywords:
geographic speciation
key innovations
pollination syndromes.
Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Sections
Session: 15
Location: Franklin B/Hyatt
Date: Monday, July 9th, 2012
Time: 1:30 PM
Number: 15001
Abstract ID:638 |
